#Motivation Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Fifty years ago, a well -known psychologist named Abraham Maslow proposed a theory of human needs in the field of human psychology and motivation. He gave name to his theory as “Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs” published in motivation and personality in 1954. Maslow’s contribution is significant to the growth and development in the field of human psychology. Mulwa (2008) correctly said that Maslow is one of the leading fathers in the field of human psychology and motivation.
Before Maslow, every researcher examined such needs in the field of Biology, achievement, and force to sustain or shape human behavior. The major aim of this model is to explore how people’s attitude and behavior is stimulated by human’s wish to meet certain needs in a various situation in society.
Norwood (1999) suggested that Maslow’s model of the hierarchy of needs can be used to explain all types of knowledge that individuals seek at various levels of development. Maslow’s proposed his model in the shape of a pyramid showing arrangement from lower to highest needs. He has given 5 needs including physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. These needs have come under three-level like physiological needs and safety needs are part of basic needs, these two things are basic human needs, the need of the belongingness and love and need of esteem are categorized as psychological needs, and lastly, self-actualization comes in the category of fulfillment needs.
This hierarchy is based on three major needs of human beings to survive in society or it can be said as these needs are necessary for an individual to shape his behavior and motivation. Later, two needs are added in his model that are understanding needs and aesthetic needs.
This model of hierarchy focuses that there are certain fundamental needs that must be met before getting other needs. According to Mulwa (2008), Maslow’s model of needs is based on the premise that the behavior of humans is motivated by a desire to meet human needs in society. The pyramid of needs is discussed below;
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